Built-in exceptions in Python programming language

Python is one of the most popular programming languages used by both novice and experienced developers. One of the most important concepts in Python is that of handling Exceptions. Python has a rich set of built-in exceptions that can be used to handle errors and abnormal conditions that may arise during program execution. Knowing these built-in exceptions and how to handle them is essential for writing robust and error-free code. In this tutorial, we will explore the concept of built-in exceptions in Python and learn how to handle them effectively in your Python programs.

Built-in Exception classes in Python :

• Python has a number of built-in exception classes that we can use in your programs. 
• Some of the most commonly used Exception classes are : 
  • IOError : This exception is raised when an input/output operation fails, such as when a file cannot be opened.
  • ValueError : This exception is raised when a built-in operation or function receives an argument that has the right type but an inappropriate value.
  • KeyError : This exception is raised when a dictionary does not have a specific key.
  • IndexError : This exception is raised when a list or tuple is accessed with an index that is out of bounds.
  • TypeError : This exception is raised when a value is of the wrong type such as if we want to add an integer value and a string value.
• We can create our own exception classes as well.
• This is called an user-defined exception.